In 2018, the iron and steel industry in Uganda required about 1.12 gigajoules to produce one metric ton of steel. This is relatively low compared to the global benchmark of 16 to 20 gigajoules per metric ton of steel produced. However, with new government plans to revive iron ore mining and the production of sponge iron, the energy demand of the sector is projected to surge. This paper assesses the energy-saving and greenhouse gas emissions reduction potential of adopting energy-efficient technologies and practices in Uganda's iron and steel industry.